Comment c'est mesuré

Every penalty in the league's play-by-play, with the club penalised and the score at that moment, and the officials the league lists for each game. Coincidental calls (one on each side at the same second) are left out. A game is one-sided when one club is called three or more times more than the other. Alternation is how often the next call goes the other way after a call; well above half suggests calls being evened up. Calls against the leading club are compared with calls against the trailing one. Two referees work every game and the feed does not say who made each call, so a referee's numbers are the games he worked, not his own whistles. Referees with fewer than ten games are not rated. The ranking is a neutrality distance: how far a referee's games sit from the league on home lean, one-sided games, evening up and leaning on the leading club, each shrunk toward the league by games worked; lower is more neutral. Missed calls and calls that should not have been made are not in any feed; they come from reviewers flagging games by eye, and are counted against the crew that worked the game. Penalty type and length are not in the stored events, so a double minor counts as one call.